A colonoscopy procedure is done to look at the inside of the colon and the rectum using a colonoscope, which is a long, flexible tube with a video camera and light on the end. The purpose of this procedure is to screen for colorectal cancer or prevent it by removing polyps. It can also be used to find out why you may be experiencing changes in bowel movements, rectal bleeding, or unexplained weight loss.
Similar to a colonoscopy, an upper gastrointestinal endoscopy uses a flexible tube with a camera to see issues in the gut, called an endoscope. The purpose of this procedure is to help diagnose and treat symptoms and conditions affecting the esophagus, stomach, and upper intestine, including cancer, celiac disease, and other related abnormalities.